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README.md
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# c77_rbac
c77_rbac PostgreSQL Extension
The c77_rbac extension provides role-based access control (RBAC) for PostgreSQL, securing tables with row-level security (RLS) for multi-campus applications. All objects are in the public schema with c77_rbac_ prefixes (e.g., c77_rbac_subjects, c77_rbac_apply_policy) to coexist with Laravel and third-party packages. Application tables use custom schemas (e.g., myapp.orders).
Features
A PostgreSQL extension for Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) with Row-Level Security (RLS) integration. Designed to be framework-agnostic, `c77_rbac` works with any application, providing fine-grained, database-driven authorization.
Scoped role assignments (e.g., campus-specific access).
Admin access via global/all scope for any user ID.
RLS policies via c77_rbac_apply_policy.
Compatible with PostgreSQL 14+ and Laravel.
## Features
Installation
- **Agnostic RBAC Core**: Manage roles, features, and subjects with flexible `external_id` (TEXT) for compatibility with any system.
- **Row-Level Security (RLS)**: Enforce access control directly in PostgreSQL using RLS policies tied to RBAC rules.
- **Scoped Permissions**: Assign roles with scope (e.g., `campus/chicago`) for granular control.
- **Admin Role Support**: Optional `admin` role bypasses scope restrictions for universal access.
- **Secure Design**: Uses `SECURITY DEFINER` functions to protect RBAC metadata, requiring no direct table access for application users.
Ensure PostgreSQL 14 or later is installed.
## Requirements
Place c77_rbac.control and c77_rbac--1.1.0.sql in /usr/share/postgresql/17/extension/.
- PostgreSQL 13 or later (tested on 17).
- Superuser access to install extensions.
- Application user (e.g., `app_user`) with permissions to create tables and execute functions.
Run as a superuser:
CREATE EXTENSION c77_rbac SCHEMA public;
## Installation
### Step 1: Install Extension
Copy the extension files to your PostgreSQL extension directory:
Usage
See USAGE.md for beginner-friendly instructions on securing tables and assigning roles.
Requirements
```bash
sudo cp c77_rbac--1.0.sql c77_rbac.control /usr/share/postgresql/17/extension/
```
PostgreSQL 14 or later.
Superuser access for installation.
### Step 2: Create a Database
```sql
-- As a superuser (e.g., postgres)
CREATE DATABASE myapp;
GRANT ALL ON DATABASE myapp TO app_user;
```
### Step 3: Enable Extension
Connect to your database as `app_user`:
```sql
psql -d myapp -U app_user -h localhost
CREATE EXTENSION c77_rbac;
```
## Database Schema
### Core Tables
- `c77_rbac_subjects`: Tracks entities (users, systems) with a unique `external_id` (TEXT), `scope_type`, and `scope_id`.
- `c77_rbac_roles`: Defines roles (e.g., `sales_manager`).
- `c77_rbac_features`: Defines permissions (e.g., `view_sales_page`).
- `c77_rbac_subject_roles`: Assigns roles to subjects with optional scope.
- `c77_rbac_role_features`: Grants features to roles.
### Core Functions
- `c77_rbac_assign_subject(p_external_id, p_role_name, p_scope_type, p_scope_id)`: Assign a role to a subject with scope.
- `c77_rbac_grant_feature(p_role_name, p_feature_name)`: Grant a feature to a role.
- `c77_rbac_can_access(p_feature_name, p_external_id, p_scope_type, p_scope_id)`: Check if a subject has access to a feature within a scope.
## Usage
### Example: Basic Setup
```sql
-- As app_user
-- Assign a user (external_id = '1') to sales_manager role for chicago campus
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('1', 'sales_manager', 'campus', 'chicago');
-- Grant view_sales_page feature to sales_manager
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'view_sales_page');
-- Create a sales table with RLS
CREATE TABLE public.sales (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
campus TEXT NOT NULL,
amount NUMERIC
);
INSERT INTO public.sales (campus, amount) VALUES ('chicago', 1000), ('miami', 2000);
ALTER TABLE public.sales ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
-- Create an RLS policy using c77_rbac_can_access
-- Note: You'll need to set c77_rbac.external_id in your application context
CREATE POLICY rbac_policy ON public.sales FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true), 'campus', campus)
);
-- Test as user 1
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '1';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
**Expected Output**:
```
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 1000
(1 row)
```
### Example: Admin Role
```sql
-- Assign admin role to user 999 (no scope restrictions)
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('999', 'admin', NULL, NULL);
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('admin', 'view_sales_page');
-- Test as admin
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '999';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
**Expected Output**:
```
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 1000
2 | miami | 2000
(2 rows)
```
## Application Integration
To integrate with your application:
1. **Set External ID**: Set the session variable before queries:
```sql
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO 'your_user_id';
```
2. **Apply RLS Policies**: Create policies on tables that check permissions:
```sql
CREATE POLICY rbac_policy ON your_table FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access('feature_name', current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true), 'scope_type', scope_column)
);
```
3. **Initialize RBAC**: During database setup, create your roles and assign features:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('1', 'editor', 'department', 'marketing');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('editor', 'edit_content');
```
## Notes
- **Security**: `c77_rbac_*` tables are protected; only `SECURITY DEFINER` functions access them. The application user (`app_user`) needs `EXECUTE` on functions and `SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE` on application tables.
- **Materialized Views**: PostgreSQL materialized views don't support RLS. Use regular views for dynamic filtering:
```sql
CREATE VIEW public.sales_view AS SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
- **Framework Integration**: While designed to be framework-agnostic, you'll need to ensure your application sets the `c77_rbac.external_id` session variable appropriately.
## Testing
Verify the extension:
```sql
CREATE DATABASE c77_rbac_test;
\c c77_rbac_test
CREATE EXTENSION c77_rbac;
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('1', 'sales_manager', 'campus', 'chicago');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'view_sales_page');
CREATE TABLE public.sales (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
campus TEXT NOT NULL,
amount NUMERIC
);
INSERT INTO public.sales (campus, amount) VALUES ('chicago', 1000), ('miami', 2000);
ALTER TABLE public.sales ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
CREATE POLICY rbac_policy ON public.sales FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true), 'campus', campus)
);
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '1';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
## Planned Features
- Revocation functions (`c77_rbac_revoke_feature`, `c77_rbac_unassign_subject`)
- Functions to list all features available to a subject within a scope
- Role hierarchy support (inheritance)
- Timestamped assignments for auditing
- Framework-specific integration extensions
- Performance optimization for deeply nested scopes
## License
MIT License. See `LICENSE` for details.
## Contributing
Issues and pull requests are welcome on [GitHub](#) (replace with your repo if applicable).
## Authors
- Your Name (or leave blank for now)
-
License
MIT License

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# c77_rbac Usage Guide
c77_rbac Usage Guide
This guide helps beginner developers use the c77_rbac PostgreSQL extension to secure database tables with role-based access control (RBAC). All tables and functions are in the public schema with c77_rbac_ prefixes (e.g., c77_rbac_subjects, c77_rbac_apply_policy) to avoid conflicts with Laravel or other packages. Your application tables should use custom schemas (e.g., myapp.orders).
What is c77_rbac?
c77_rbac uses row-level security (RLS) to control table access. For example, a Chicago manager sees only Chicago orders, while an admin sees all orders. Admin rights use a global/all scope, so any user ID (e.g., '2', '999') can be an admin.
Prerequisites
This guide provides detailed instructions on using the `c77_rbac` PostgreSQL extension for Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) with Row-Level Security (RLS). The `c77_rbac` extension is an agnostic RBAC system that works with any application. This document assumes the extension is installed (see `README.md` for setup) and focuses on practical usage, examples, and best practices.
PostgreSQL 14 or later.
A superuser (e.g., homestead) for installation.
A database (e.g., c77_rbac_test).
Basic SQL knowledge.
## Table of Contents
Step 1: Install the Extension
1. [Overview](#overview)
2. [Core Concepts](#core-concepts)
3. [Using `c77_rbac`](#using-c77_rbac)
- [Assigning Subjects](#assigning-subjects)
- [Granting Features](#granting-features)
- [Checking Access](#checking-access)
- [Applying RLS Policies](#applying-rls-policies)
- [Admin Role](#admin-role)
4. [Best Practices](#best-practices)
5. [Edge Cases](#edge-cases)
6. [Testing and Debugging](#testing-and-debugging)
7. [Limitations](#limitations)
Log in as the superuser:
psql -h 192.168.49.115 -p 5432 -U homestead -d c77_rbac_test
## Overview
`c77_rbac` enables database-driven authorization in PostgreSQL, using RBAC to manage roles and permissions, and RLS to restrict row access. Key features:
- **Agnostic Design**: Uses `external_id` (TEXT) to identify subjects, compatible with any framework.
- **Scoped Permissions**: Roles can be tied to scopes (e.g., `campus/chicago`) for granular control.
- **Secure Execution**: `SECURITY DEFINER` functions protect RBAC metadata, requiring no direct table access.
Create the extension:
CREATE EXTENSION c77_rbac SCHEMA public;
This guide uses `app_user` as the database user for all operations, assuming a single-user setup typical for applications.
This sets up c77_rbac_ tables and functions in public.
## Core Concepts
Exit:
\q
- **Subject**: An entity (user, system) identified by `external_id` (e.g., `'1'` for a user ID).
- **Role**: A named group of permissions (e.g., `sales_manager`).
- **Feature**: A specific permission (e.g., `view_sales_page`).
- **Scope**: A context for permissions, defined by `scope_type` and `scope_id` (e.g., `campus/chicago`).
- **RLS Policy**: A PostgreSQL policy that uses `c77_rbac_can_access` to filter rows based on RBAC rules.
- **Admin Role**: A special role (`admin`) that bypasses scope restrictions for universal access.
Tables:
- `c77_rbac_subjects`: Stores subjects (`external_id`, `scope_type`, `scope_id`).
- `c77_rbac_roles`: Stores roles (`name`).
- `c77_rbac_features`: Stores features (`name`).
- `c77_rbac_subject_roles`: Links subjects to roles with scopes.
- `c77_rbac_role_features`: Links roles to features.
## Using `c77_rbac`
Step 2: Set Up Your Application Schema
Use a custom schema (e.g., myapp) for your tables.
### Assigning Subjects
Log in as your application user (e.g., app_user):
psql -h 192.168.49.115 -p 5432 -U app_user -d c77_rbac_test
Use `c77_rbac_assign_subject` to assign a role to a subject with an optional scope:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('1', 'sales_manager', 'campus', 'chicago');
```
Create the myapp schema:
CREATE SCHEMA myapp;
- **Parameters**:
- `p_external_id`: Unique identifier (e.g., `'1'`).
- `p_role_name`: Role to assign (e.g., `sales_manager`).
- `p_scope_type`: Scope category (e.g., `campus`). Can be `NULL`.
- `p_scope_id`: Scope value (e.g., `chicago`). Can be `NULL`.
- **Effect**: Creates/updates a subject in `c77_rbac_subjects`, ensures the role exists in `c77_rbac_roles`, and links them in `c77_rbac_subject_roles`.
Example: Assign a subject without scope:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('2', 'viewer', NULL, NULL);
```
### Granting Features
Use `c77_rbac_grant_feature` to grant a feature to a role:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'view_sales_page');
```
- **Parameters**:
- `p_role_name`: Role to grant to.
- `p_feature_name`: Feature to grant.
- **Effect**: Ensures the role and feature exist, then links them in `c77_rbac_role_features`.
Example: Grant multiple features:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'edit_sales_page');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'delete_sales_page');
```
### Checking Access
Use `c77_rbac_can_access` to verify if a subject has access to a feature within a scope:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', '1', 'campus', 'chicago');
```
- **Parameters**:
- `p_feature_name`: Feature to check.
- `p_external_id`: Subject's identifier.
- `p_scope_type`: Scope category (optional).
- `p_scope_id`: Scope value (optional).
- **Returns**: `TRUE` if access is granted, `FALSE` otherwise.
- **Note**: Raises an error if `p_external_id` is `NULL`.
Example: Check multiple scopes:
```sql
SELECT 'chicago' AS campus, public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', '1', 'campus', 'chicago') AS can_access
UNION ALL
SELECT 'miami' AS campus, public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', '1', 'campus', 'miami') AS can_access;
```
**Expected Output** (based on prior setup):
```
campus | can_access
---------+------------
chicago | t
miami | f
(2 rows)
```
### Applying RLS Policies
Create RLS policies on tables to enforce RBAC rules. Example with a `sales` table:
```sql
CREATE TABLE public.sales (
Create a test table:
CREATE TABLE myapp.orders (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
campus TEXT NOT NULL,
amount NUMERIC
);
INSERT INTO public.sales (campus, amount) VALUES ('chicago', 1000), ('miami', 2000);
ALTER TABLE public.sales ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
CREATE POLICY rbac_policy ON public.sales FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true), 'campus', campus)
);
```
- **Effect**: Only rows where `c77_rbac_can_access` returns `TRUE` are accessible.
- **Note**: Uses the session variable `c77_rbac.external_id` set by the application.
Test:
```sql
Insert test data:
INSERT INTO myapp.orders (campus, amount) VALUES ('chicago', 500), ('miami', 1500);
Step 3: Apply Row-Level Security (RLS)
Apply an RLS policy:
SELECT public.c77_rbac_apply_policy('myapp.orders', 'view_sales_page', 'campus', 'campus');
myapp.orders: Table to secure.
view_sales_page: Required permission.
campus: Scope type.
campus: Column for scope (e.g., chicago).
A NOTICE: policy "c77_rbac_policy" ... does not exist is normal for new tables.
Check the policy:
\dp myapp.orders
Expect c77_rbac_policy with:
c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page'::text, current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id'::text, true), 'campus'::text, campus)
Step 4: Assign Roles to Users
Users have an external_id (e.g., '1', '2'). Admin rights use global/all.
Assign a sales manager role (Chicago):
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('1', 'sales_manager', 'campus', 'chicago');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'view_sales_page');
Assign an admin role (all data):
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('999', 'admin', 'global', 'all');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('admin', 'view_sales_page');
For another admin (e.g., '2'):
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('2', 'admin', 'global', 'all');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('admin', 'view_sales_page');
Step 5: Test Access
Chicago manager:
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '1';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
SELECT * FROM myapp.orders;
**Expected Output**:
```
Expected:
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 1000
(1 row)
```
1 | chicago | 500
Without `external_id`:
```sql
RESET "c77_rbac.external_id";
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
**Expected Output**:
```
Admin (e.g., '2'):
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '2';
SELECT * FROM myapp.orders;
Expected:
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 500
2 | miami | 1500
Unauthorized user:
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO 'unknown';
SELECT * FROM myapp.orders;
Expected:
id | campus | amount
----+--------+--------
(0 rows)
```
### Admin Role
The `admin` role bypasses scope restrictions for features it's granted:
```sql
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('999', 'admin', NULL, NULL);
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('admin', 'view_sales_page');
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '999';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
Step 6: Use in Your Application
For Laravel:
**Expected Output**:
```
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 1000
2 | miami | 2000
(2 rows)
```
Set user ID:
DB::statement("SET c77_rbac.external_id TO '1'");
- **Use Case**: Assign `admin` to superusers who need full access.
- **Note**: `admin` only bypasses scope checks, not feature checks (must still have `view_sales_page`).
## Best Practices
Query:
SELECT * FROM myapp.orders;
- **Single User**: Use one PostgreSQL user (e.g., `app_user`) for migrations and runtime to avoid permission issues.
- **Secure Functions**: All `c77_rbac` functions are `SECURITY DEFINER`, so don't grant direct `SELECT` on `c77_rbac_*` tables.
- **Scoped Roles**: Always define scopes (`scope_type`, `scope_id`) for non-admin roles to enforce granular access.
- **Admin Sparingly**: Reserve the `admin` role for superusers, and audit its assignments.
- **RLS on All Tables**: Apply RLS policies to any table with sensitive data, using `c77_rbac_can_access`.
- **Test Policies**: Verify RLS behavior with different `external_id` values before deploying.
- **Session Management**: Ensure your application correctly sets `c77_rbac.external_id` for each database session.
## Edge Cases
- **No `external_id` Set**:
- Queries return no rows (RLS policy fails).
- Fix: Ensure your application sets the session variable with `SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO 'your_user_id';`.
- **Invalid `external_id`**:
- If `external_id` doesn't exist in `c77_rbac_subjects`, `c77_rbac_can_access` returns `FALSE`.
- Fix: Ensure subjects are assigned roles.
- **Missing Role/Feature**:
- `c77_rbac_can_access` returns `FALSE` if the role or feature isn't assigned.
- Fix: Use `c77_rbac_assign_subject` and `c77_rbac_grant_feature` to set up.
- **Scope Mismatch**:
- Access denied if `scope_type`/`scope_id` don't match exactly.
- Example: User with `campus/chicago` can't access `campus/miami`.
- **Admin Overreach**:
- `admin` bypasses scope but needs explicit feature grants.
- Example: `admin` without `view_sales_page` gets `FALSE`.
- **Database Connection Pooling**:
- If using connection pooling, ensure `c77_rbac.external_id` is reset or set for each request.
- Consider using a connection interceptor to set `external_id` based on the current user.
Troubleshooting
## Testing and Debugging
No rows: Check role (c77_rbac_assign_subject) and feature (c77_rbac_grant_feature).
Policy missing: Verify \dp myapp.orders. Re-run c77_rbac_apply_policy.
NOTICE messages: Normal for new tables.
Display quirk: \dp may show campus instead of myapp.orders.campus. This is cosmetic.
To test the setup:
Notes
```sql
-- Setup
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('1', 'sales_manager', 'campus', 'chicago');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('sales_manager', 'view_sales_page');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('999', 'admin', NULL, NULL);
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('admin', 'view_sales_page');
Use schema.table (e.g., myapp.orders) with c77_rbac_apply_policy.
public is for c77_rbac_, Laravel, and third-party packages. Use myapp for app tables.
c77_rbac_ tables are accessible to all database users. Manage roles responsibly.
This covers c77_rbac only, not c77_rbac_laravel.
CREATE TABLE public.sales (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
campus TEXT NOT NULL,
amount NUMERIC
);
INSERT INTO public.sales (campus, amount) VALUES ('chicago', 1000), ('miami', 2000);
ALTER TABLE public.sales ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
CREATE POLICY rbac_policy ON public.sales FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true), 'campus', campus)
);
-- Test regular user
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '1';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
SELECT 'chicago' AS campus, public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', '1', 'campus', 'chicago') AS can_access
UNION ALL
SELECT 'miami' AS campus, public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_sales_page', '1', 'campus', 'miami') AS can_access;
-- Test admin
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '999';
SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
**Expected Output**:
```
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 1000
(1 row)
campus | can_access
---------+------------
chicago | t
miami | f
(2 rows)
id | campus | amount
----+---------+--------
1 | chicago | 1000
2 | miami | 2000
(2 rows)
```
Debug tips:
- **No Rows Returned**: Check if `external_id` is set (`SELECT current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true);`).
- **Access Denied**: Verify subject, role, and feature assignments in `c77_rbac_*` tables (requires superuser).
- **RLS Issues**: Test `c77_rbac_can_access` directly with known inputs (as above).
- **Transaction Isolation**: Be aware that changes to RBAC assignments need to be visible in the current transaction.
## Limitations
- **Materialized Views**: PostgreSQL materialized views don't support RLS. Use regular views:
```sql
CREATE VIEW public.sales_view AS SELECT * FROM public.sales;
```
- **Dynamic Policies**: Policies are hardcoded in migrations. Future versions may add dynamic policy management.
- **Single `external_id`**: Only one `external_id` per session. Multi-user contexts require separate connections.
- **Performance**: Complex scopes may impact query performance. Index `c77_rbac_*` tables if needed.
- **Session Variables**: Relies on session variables, which require careful management in connection pooling scenarios.
## Application Integration Examples
### Setting External ID
Most applications will need to set the external ID session variable for each database connection:
```sql
-- Set the external ID to the current user's ID
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '1';
```
For web applications, this is typically done at the start of each request.
### Transaction Handling
When using transactions, ensure RBAC changes are committed before checking access:
```sql
BEGIN;
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('2', 'reporter', 'department', 'finance');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('reporter', 'view_reports');
COMMIT;
-- Now in a new transaction
BEGIN;
SET "c77_rbac.external_id" TO '2';
SELECT * FROM reports; -- Will use the new permissions
```
### Multi-tenant Systems
For multi-tenant systems, you can use scopes to separate data by tenant:
```sql
-- Assign users to tenant-specific roles
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('101', 'tenant_user', 'tenant', 'acme_corp');
SELECT public.c77_rbac_assign_subject('102', 'tenant_user', 'tenant', 'globex');
-- Grant features to the role
SELECT public.c77_rbac_grant_feature('tenant_user', 'view_data');
-- Create RLS policy using tenant scope
CREATE POLICY tenant_isolation ON customer_data FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access('view_data', current_setting('c77_rbac.external_id', true), 'tenant', tenant_id)
);
```
This ensures users from one tenant cannot see data from another tenant.
For help, ask your database administrator or the c77_rbac community.

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-- c77_rbac--1.1.0.sql: PostgreSQL extension for role-based access control (RBAC)
-- Requires PostgreSQL 14 or later
-- All objects in public schema with c77_rbac_ prefix
\echo Use "CREATE EXTENSION c77_rbac" to load this file. \quit
-- Tables
CREATE TABLE public.c77_rbac_subjects (
subject_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
external_id TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE public.c77_rbac_roles (
role_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
name TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE public.c77_rbac_features (
feature_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
name TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE public.c77_rbac_subject_roles (
subject_id BIGINT REFERENCES public.c77_rbac_subjects(subject_id),
role_id BIGINT REFERENCES public.c77_rbac_roles(role_id),
scope_type TEXT NOT NULL,
scope_id TEXT,
PRIMARY KEY (subject_id, role_id, scope_type, scope_id)
);
CREATE TABLE public.c77_rbac_role_features (
role_id BIGINT REFERENCES public.c77_rbac_roles(role_id),
feature_id BIGINT REFERENCES public.c77_rbac_features(feature_id),
PRIMARY KEY (role_id, feature_id)
);
-- Function: c77_rbac_assign_subject
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.c77_rbac_assign_subject(
p_external_id TEXT,
p_role_name TEXT,
p_scope_type TEXT,
p_scope_id TEXT
) RETURNS VOID AS $$
DECLARE
v_subject_id BIGINT;
v_role_id BIGINT;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO public.c77_rbac_subjects (external_id)
VALUES (p_external_id)
ON CONFLICT (external_id) DO NOTHING
RETURNING subject_id INTO v_subject_id;
IF v_subject_id IS NULL THEN
SELECT subject_id INTO v_subject_id
FROM public.c77_rbac_subjects
WHERE external_id = p_external_id;
END IF;
INSERT INTO public.c77_rbac_roles (name)
VALUES (p_role_name)
ON CONFLICT (name) DO NOTHING
RETURNING role_id INTO v_role_id;
IF v_role_id IS NULL THEN
SELECT role_id INTO v_role_id
FROM public.c77_rbac_roles
WHERE name = p_role_name;
END IF;
INSERT INTO public.c77_rbac_subject_roles (subject_id, role_id, scope_type, scope_id)
VALUES (v_subject_id, v_role_id, p_scope_type, p_scope_id)
ON CONFLICT (subject_id, role_id, scope_type, scope_id) DO NOTHING;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER;
-- Function: c77_rbac_grant_feature
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.c77_rbac_grant_feature(
p_role_name TEXT,
p_feature_name TEXT
) RETURNS VOID AS $$
DECLARE
v_role_id BIGINT;
v_feature_id BIGINT;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO public.c77_rbac_roles (name)
VALUES (p_role_name)
ON CONFLICT (name) DO NOTHING
RETURNING role_id INTO v_role_id;
IF v_role_id IS NULL THEN
SELECT role_id INTO v_role_id
FROM public.c77_rbac_roles
WHERE name = p_role_name;
END IF;
INSERT INTO public.c77_rbac_features (name)
VALUES (p_feature_name)
ON CONFLICT (name) DO NOTHING
RETURNING feature_id INTO v_feature_id;
IF v_feature_id IS NULL THEN
SELECT feature_id INTO v_feature_id
FROM public.c77_rbac_features
WHERE name = p_feature_name;
END IF;
INSERT INTO public.c77_rbac_role_features (role_id, feature_id)
VALUES (v_role_id, v_feature_id)
ON CONFLICT (role_id, feature_id) DO NOTHING;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER;
-- Function: c77_rbac_can_access
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.c77_rbac_can_access(
p_feature_name TEXT,
p_external_id TEXT,
p_scope_type TEXT,
p_scope_id TEXT
) RETURNS BOOLEAN AS $$
BEGIN
IF p_external_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE EXCEPTION 'p_external_id must be provided';
END IF;
-- Admin bypass (global/all scope)
IF EXISTS (
SELECT 1
FROM public.c77_rbac_subjects s
JOIN public.c77_rbac_subject_roles sr ON s.subject_id = sr.subject_id
JOIN public.c77_rbac_roles r ON sr.role_id = r.role_id
JOIN public.c77_rbac_role_features rf ON r.role_id = rf.role_id
JOIN public.c77_rbac_features f ON rf.feature_id = f.id
WHERE s.external_id = p_external_id
AND f.name = p_feature_name
AND sr.scope_type = 'global'
AND sr.scope_id = 'all'
) THEN
RETURN TRUE;
END IF;
-- Regular access check
RETURN EXISTS (
SELECT 1
FROM public.c77_rbac_subjects s
JOIN public.c77_rbac_subject_roles sr ON s.subject_id = sr.subject_id
JOIN public.c77_rbac_roles r ON sr.role_id = r.role_id
JOIN public.c77_rbac_role_features rf ON r.role_id = rf.role_id
JOIN public.c77_rbac_features f ON rf.feature_id = f.id
WHERE s.external_id = p_external_id
AND f.name = p_feature_name
AND sr.scope_type = p_scope_type
AND sr.scope_id = p_scope_id
);
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER;
-- Function: c77_rbac_apply_policy
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.c77_rbac_apply_policy(
p_table_name TEXT,
p_feature_name TEXT,
p_scope_type TEXT,
p_scope_column TEXT
) RETURNS VOID AS $$
DECLARE
v_schema_name TEXT;
v_table_name TEXT;
BEGIN
-- Split schema and table name
IF p_table_name LIKE '%.%' THEN
v_schema_name := split_part(p_table_name, '.', 1);
v_table_name := split_part(p_table_name, '.', 2);
ELSE
v_schema_name := 'public';
v_table_name := p_table_name;
END IF;
-- Drop existing policy
EXECUTE format('DROP POLICY IF EXISTS c77_rbac_policy ON %I.%I', v_schema_name, v_table_name);
-- Create policy with fully qualified column
EXECUTE format(
'CREATE POLICY c77_rbac_policy ON %I.%I FOR ALL TO PUBLIC USING (
public.c77_rbac_can_access(%L, current_setting(''c77_rbac.external_id'', true), %L, %I.%I.%I)
)',
v_schema_name, v_table_name, p_feature_name, p_scope_type, v_schema_name, v_table_name, p_scope_column
);
-- Enable and force RLS
EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE %I.%I ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY', v_schema_name, v_table_name);
EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE %I.%I FORCE ROW LEVEL SECURITY', v_schema_name, v_table_name);
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER;
-- Grant permissions
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO PUBLIC;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON public.c77_rbac_subjects, public.c77_rbac_roles, public.c77_rbac_features,
public.c77_rbac_subject_roles, public.c77_rbac_role_features TO PUBLIC;
GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION public.c77_rbac_assign_subject(TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT),
public.c77_rbac_grant_feature(TEXT, TEXT),
public.c77_rbac_can_access(TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT),
public.c77_rbac_apply_policy(TEXT, TEXT, TEXT, TEXT) TO PUBLIC;
-- Set default privileges for future objects
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON TABLES TO PUBLIC;
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTIONS TO PUBLIC;

2
c77_rbac.control
View File

@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
# /usr/share/postgresql/17/extension/c77_rbac.control
comment = 'Agnostic RBAC system for PostgreSQL'
default_version = '1.0.0'
default_version = '1.1.0'
module_pathname = '$libdir/c77_rbac'
relocatable = true